4,321 research outputs found
Cavity QED with Multiple Hyperfine Levels
We calculate the weak-driving transmission of a linearly polarized cavity
mode strongly coupled to the D2 transition of a single Cesium atom. Results are
relevant to future experiments with microtoroid cavities, where the
single-photon Rabi frequency g exceeds the excited-state hyperfine splittings,
and photonic bandgap resonators, where g is greater than both the excited- and
ground-state splitting.Comment: 6 pages, 10 figure
Empirical Tests of Intransitivity Predicted by Models of Risky Choice
Recently proposed models of risky choice imply systematic violations of transitivity of preference. Five studies explored whether people show patterns of intransitivity predicted by four descriptive models. To distinguish ?true? violations from those produced by ?error,? a model was fit in which each choice can have a different error rate and each person can have a different pattern of true preferences that need not be transitive. Error rate for a choice is estimated from preference reversals between repeated presentations of the same choice. Results of five studies showed that very few people repeated intransitive patterns. We can retain the hypothesis that transitivity best describes the data of the vast majority of participants. --decision making,errors,gambling effect,reference points,regret,transitivity
Hydrogen Embrittlement of Aluminum: the Crucial Role of Vacancies
We report first-principles calculations which demonstrate that vacancies can
combine with hydrogen impurities in bulk aluminum and play a crucial role in
the embrittlement of this prototypical ductile solid. Our studies of
hydrogen-induced vacancy superabundant formation and vacancy clusterization in
aluminum lead to the conclusion that a large number of H atoms (up to twelve)
can be trapped at a single vacancy, which over-compensates the energy cost to
form the defect. In the presence of trapped H atoms, three nearest-neighbor
single vacancies which normally would repel each other, aggregate to form a
trivacancy on the slip plane of Al, acting as embryos for microvoids and cracks
and resulting in ductile rupture along the these planes.Comment: To appear in Phys. Rev. Let
Testing Theories of Risky Decision Making Via Critical Tests
Whereas some people regard models of risky decision making as if they were statistical summaries of data collected for some other purpose, I think of models as theories that can be tested by experiments. I argue that comparing theories by means of global indices of fit is not a fruitful way to evaluate theories of risky decision making. I argue instead for experimental science. That is, test critical properties, which are theorems of one model that are violated by a rival model. Recent studies illustrate how conclusions based on fit can be overturned by critical tests. Elsewhere, I have warned against drawin
Lexicographic cones and the ordered projective tensor product
We introduce lexicographic cones, a method of assigning an ordered vector
space \Lex(S) to a poset , generalising the standard lexicographic cone.
These lexicographic cones are then used to prove that the projective tensor
cone of two arbitrary cones is a cone, and to find a new characterisation of
finite-dimensional vector lattices.Comment: 8 page
Trapped atoms in cavity QED: coupling quantized light and matter
On the occasion of the hundredth anniversary of Albert Einstein's annus mirabilis, we reflect on the development and current state of research in cavity quantum electrodynamics in the optical domain. Cavity QED is a field which undeniably traces its origins to Einstein's seminal work on the statistical theory of light and the nature of its quantized interaction with matter. In this paper, we emphasize the development of techniques for the confinement of atoms strongly coupled to high-finesse resonators and the experiments which these techniques enable
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